These are the sources linked in the guide. The notes explain what each helps answer, so you can find the paper behind a claim.
A review gathers earlier research. A pilot is a small early study. Work on cells or skin outside the body can't tell us what a treatment does in a living person.
The FDA sources below concern the United States, not Canadian authorization or access. The contact page explains how to flag a broken link or a finding we've described unclearly.
Rat tendon healing, not human recovery.
Review of the thin human evidence.
Two-person safety study, not a healing trial.
Blood-vessel growth in animals and cells.
Compared weight change in adults.
Heart outcomes in a particular patient group.
Safety review, including digestive and gallbladder effects.
Early hormone findings in animals and cells.
Hormone response in healthy men.
Surgery trial; main recovery benefit not established.
Biology review, not proof of longer life.
Oral NR, blood levels and tolerability.
Muscle insulin response in the NMN study.
Review of human precursor studies and remaining gaps.
Skin research and the delivery problem.
Copper passing through skin outside the body.
Safety page current as of April 22, 2026; withdrawal isn't clearance.
Why compounded drugs aren't FDA-approved.